相容剂又称增容剂，是指借助于分子间的键合力，促使不相容的两种聚合物结合在一体，进而得到稳定的共混物的助剂。广泛应用于塑料合金、聚合物改性、回收废塑料、填料与塑料的偶联、极性树脂的增韧、改善塑料的性能。
The compatibilizer is also known as a compatibilizer, which refers to the combination of two kinds of polymers that are incompatible with the combination of the bond between molecules, and thus the aid of a stable blend. It is widely used in plastic alloy, polymer modification, recycling waste plastic, the coupling of filler and plastic, toughening of polar resin and improving the properties of plastic.

 

 
1. 为什么要加入相容剂？
1. Why do you want to add a compatibilizer?

 
通俗来讲就像两个毫无相干的人，如A与C，如何能拉到一起？其中，可能需要一个“连接载体”B，而B与A关系不错，与C的关系也不错。因此通过B，A与C就能认识并成为好朋友。因此，相容剂也像一座桥，连接没有关联的两座“岛屿”。
In general, like two unrelated people, such as A and C, how can they be pulled together? Among them, A "connective vector" B may be required, and B has A good relationship with A, and the relationship with C is good. So through B, A and C can recognize and become good friends. Therefore, the compatibilizer is also like a bridge connecting two "islands" that are not connected.

 

 
图 1 连接之桥
Figure 1 connecting bridge

 

 

 
回到高分子领域，简而言之，就是在制造高分子合金时，如果两种材料是不相容的，我们可以加入第三种成分，它既可以和第一种材料相容，又能与第二种材料相容，我们称之为相容剂，它是相容化技术的关键。
Back to the field of polymer, in short, it is in manufacturing high polymer alloy, if the two materials are incompatible, we can add a third component, it is the first material compatible, and can be compatible with the second material, we call it a compatilizer, it is the key to compatible technology.

 
2. 相容剂的作用
2. The role of compatibilizer
相容剂的主要作用：
Main functions of compatibilizer:

 
降低两种聚合物之间的表面张力，促进相的分散，阻止分散相的联并；
Reducing the surface tension between the two polymers, promoting the dispersion of phase and preventing the dispersion phase.

 
增加界面层的厚度，增加相间的粘结力，改善热稳定性，增加应力传递效率；
Increase the thickness of the interface layer, increase the bonding force, improve the thermal stability, and increase the stress transfer efficiency;

 
降低分散相的粒径，形成稳定相结构，为材料提供均一稳定的性能。
The particle size of the dispersed phase is reduced, and the stable phase structure is formed to provide uniform and stable performance for the material.

 
因此，在添加相容剂后，对于原本不相容的体系导致缺口冲击性能上的劣化，可以得到明显的改善。
Therefore, with the addition of the compatibilizer, the degradation of the notch impact performance of the original incompatible system can be significantly improved.

 

 
图 2 多功能相容剂（源于上海圆原高分子）
FIG. 2 multi-functional compatibilizer (derived from Shanghai yuanyuan polymer)

 
3. 相容剂的种类
3. Types of compatibilizers

 
相容剂的分类可以分为非反应型与反应型。非反应型相容剂一般为共聚物，可以是嵌段共聚物，也可以是接枝共聚物或无规共聚物；反应型相容剂反应型相容剂是一种同非极性高分子主链Pc及活性基团（如羟基、环氧基组成，多为无规的）组成的聚合物。
The classification of compatibilizer can be divided into non-reactive type and reactive type. Non-reactive compatibilizers are generally copolymer, can be block copolymer, can be graft copolymer or random copolymer; Reactive compatibilizer is a polymer consisting of a non-polar polymer main chain Pc and active group (such as hydroxyl, epoxy group, mostly random).

 
其中相容剂的品种可分为：环状酸酐型（MAH）、羧酸型、环氧型、恶唑啉型、酰亚胺型、低分子型、异氰酸酯型。
The variety of compatibilizer can be divided into: annular anhydride type (MAH), carboxylic acid type, epoxy-type, oxazolin type, imide type, low molecular type and isocyanate.

 
因此，常见的相容剂：LFT专用相容剂、PP改性相容剂、PA/PP合金相容剂、尼龙增韧相容剂、聚酯相容剂、PC/ABS增韧相容剂、多功能化PPO相容剂等。
Therefore, common compatilizer: LFT fell compatilizer, PP modified compatilizer, PA/PP alloy compatibilizer toughening compatilizer, polyester, nylon toughening compatilizer compatilizer, PC/ABS, more functional PPO compatilizer, etc.

 
这些相容剂的基体树脂一般有：均聚PP、LDPE、嵌段共聚PP、POE/EPDM、POE、EVA、SEBS、PS弹性体嵌段等等。
The matrix resins of these compatibilizers are generally: polypp, LDPE, block copolymers, POE/EPDM, POE, EVA, SEBS, PS elastomers and so on.

 
下面我们就看看这些相容剂具体的特点：
Let's look at the specific features of these compatibilizers:

 
1.LFT专用相容剂
1. LFT special compatibilizer

 
在长玻纤增强塑料的生产中，玻纤与原料是否能更好的浸润决定了其粒子的性能好坏。并且能减少粒子的毛刺、拖尾、开裂及大幅度提高生产效率。
In the production of long glass fiber reinforced plastics, whether the glass fiber and raw materials can better infiltrate determines the performance of its particles. And it can reduce the burr, tail, cracking and increase production efficiency.

 

 
图  LFT专用相容剂A018（图 源于上海源于高分子）
Figure LFT special compatibility agent A018 (figure from Shanghai from polymer)

 
2.尼龙相容剂
2. Nylon compatibilizer

 
以PA/PP为例，添加相容剂后使得作为分散相的PA，粒径更加的小，两相界面模糊化，界面的结合力增强。在宏观上的体现就是力学性能的优化。
Taking PA/PP as an example and adding the compatibilizer, the particle size of PA, as the dispersed phase, is much smaller, the two phase interface is fuzzy and the interface is enhanced. The macroscopic manifestation is the optimization of mechanical properties.

 

 
图  尼龙增韧相容剂E058T（图 源于上海源于高分子）
FIG. Nylon toughening compatibilizer E058T (figure from Shanghai from polymer)

 
3.PC/ABS增韧相容剂
3. PC/ABS toughening compatibilizer

 
添加PC/ABS增韧相容剂，可以提供合金的韧性，并提高合金的综合性能。
Adding PC/ABS compatibilizer can provide alloy toughness and improve the comprehensive properties of the alloy.

 

 
图 PC/ABS增韧相容剂D038（图 源于上海源于高分子）
FIG. PC/ABS toughening compatibility agent D038 (figure from Shanghai from polymer)

 
4.PBT/PET增韧相容剂
4. PBT/PET toughening compatibilizer

 
可以提高聚酯的相容剂，增加界面结合力，提高合金的韧性等。
It can improve the polyester compatibilizer, increase the interface bonding and improve the toughness of the alloy.

 

 
图 PBT/PET增韧相容剂E088（图 源于上海源于高分子）
FIG. PBT/PET toughening compatibilizer E088 (graph from Shanghai from polymer)

 
5.苯乙烯类相容剂
5. Styrene compatible agents

 
可以提高弹性体包胶或粘接体系的综合性能，提高其韧性。
It can improve the comprehensive performance of elastomer and adhesion system and improve its toughness.

 

 
图 8-苯乙烯类相容剂BT001（图 源于上海源于高分子）
FIG. 8-styrene compatible agent BT001 (figure from Shanghai from polymer)

 
特别值得注意的是应用于极性树脂的增韧。比如说，热塑性弹性体，具有良好的柔软性、高弹性和低温性能，添加一定量的相容剂可以作为PP、PE、PS、PA、PC等塑料的增韧剂。而相容剂正是这些增韧剂的最关键性的“核”、“壳”相容作用。
It is particularly noteworthy that the application of polarity resins is toughening. For example, thermoplastic elastomer has good flexibility, high elasticity and low temperature performance, and the addition of a certain amount of compatibilizer can be used as a toughening agent for PP, PE, PS, PA, PC and other plastics. The compatibilizer is the most critical "nuclear" and "shell" of these toughening agents.