添加剂种类的选择是根据塑料的品种和老化程度等来确定。

The selection of additives is based on the variety of plastic and the degree of aging.

聚烯烃新料在加工成型时一般只添加少量助剂，如抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂等，其废料再生时，一般只需加入少量着色剂即可，因此配方不难确定。除非这类塑料严重老化，变硬发脆，则需要根据具体情况确定配料的组成。

Generally, only a small amount of auxiliaries, such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, are added to the new polyolefin materials during processing. When the waste is regenerated, only a small amount of coloring agents can be added, so the formula is not difficult to determine. Unless this kind of plastic is seriously aging, hardened and brittle, it is necessary to determine the composition of the ingredients according to the specific conditions.

聚氯乙烯塑料的组成比较复杂，尤其是软质聚氯乙烯，所含添加剂的种类较多，有增塑剂、稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂和颜料等，其中以增塑剂为主，用量最多。其制品在使用过程中受到光、热等气候条件的影响，增塑剂逐渐渗出，制品硬化，尤其是其物理性能大大下降，逐渐老化，不能满足使用要求而成为废品。利用这类废旧制品进行再生时必须补充足够数量的增塑剂及其他助剂，最大限度地恢复其机械性能，因此，合理确定配方十分重要。

The composition of PVC plastics is rather complex. Especially for soft PVC, there are many kinds of additives, including plasticizers, stabilizers, UV absorbers, lubricants and pigments. Plasticizer is the main and the most consumption. Its products are affected by light and heat and other climatic conditions. Plasticizer gradually exudates, and products harden. Especially its physical properties are greatly reduced and gradually aging, which can not meet the requirements of use and become a waste product. When using such waste products to regenerate, sufficient quantities of plasticizers and other auxiliaries must be replenish to maximize their mechanical properties. Therefore, it is very important to determine the formulation rationally.

增塑剂的加入量主要由再生聚氯乙烯制品要求的硬度而定，为此应考虑回收的聚氯乙烯废制品中硬质与软质的比例。聚氯乙烯薄膜、人造革和壁纸等软质制品与硬质的管材、异型材等的制品中增塑剂的残留量很不相同，因此，只要将硬质和软质回收料相互掺用，调节二者的掺混比例，即可制得要求硬度的再生制品，可减少增塑剂的用量，甚至不使用增塑剂。

The amount of plasticizer is mainly determined by the hardness required for regenerated PVC products. Therefore, the proportion of hard and soft in Recycled PVC waste products should be considered. Products of PVC film, artificial leather and wallpaper and other soft products and hard pipes, profiles of the plasticizer residues is the same, therefore, as long as the hard and soft recovery material are mixed, adjusting the mixing ratio of two, renewable products can be prepared for hardness, can reduce the amount of the plasticizer, even without the use of plasticizers.

在配料时选用助剂的总原则是既保证再生制品具有一定的性能，符合使用要求，又不致于成本过高。一般说来，需要考虑如下几点：

The general principle of selecting auxiliaries in the ingredients is to ensure that the regenerated products have certain performance, meet the requirements of use, and do not cause high cost. Generally speaking, we need to consider the following points:

(1)由于废旧塑料和再生制品的价格较低，因此所采用的添加剂的价格也要便宜。

(1) because of the low price of waste plastics and recycled products, the price of the additives used is also cheap.

(2)正因为废旧塑料往往是各种颜色废料的混合物，在再生加工时一般添加深色着色剂，故对所选用助剂的外观色泽要求不高。

(2) because waste plastics are often mixtures of all kinds of color waste, the dark coloring agent is usually added in the regeneration process, so the appearance and color of the selected auxiliaries are not high.

(3)添加剂应能满足再生制品的一定性能要求。

(3) the additive should be able to meet the certain performance requirements of the regenerated products.