01无机阻燃剂

01 inorganic flame retardant

（1）将硼砂与硼酸按照7：3比例混合溶解于水，织物浸渍干燥后，增重6%～10%就可获得阻燃效果。磷酸氢二铵、硼砂、硼酸按照5：3：7比例混合应用有同样的效果。

(1) the mixture of borax and boric acid is dissolved in water in proportion to 7:3 ratio, and the flame retardant effect can be obtained after the fabric is soaked and dried for 6% to 10%. The application of diammonium phosphate, borax and boric acid in 5:3:7 ratio has the same effect.

织物在这两类阻燃剂溶液中浸渍烘干后，在织物受热燃烧时，会熔融形成薄膜包覆在纤维表面，将纤维与火源、空气隔离，阻止燃烧进行，达到阻燃目的。铵盐受强热分解出难燃的氨气，起冲淡织物受热分解出的可燃气作用。但此类阻燃剂不耐水洗，不宜用于露天应用的织物，如帐篷及必须经常洗涤的织物。

When the fabric is impregnated and dried in these two kinds of flame retardant solutions, the fabric will melt to form a film coated on the surface of the fiber when the fabric is heated and burning, and the fiber is isolated from the fire source and air to prevent the combustion and to achieve the flame retardant purpose. Ammonium salt is decomposed by hard heat to produce inflammable ammonia, which acts as a combustible decomposition of the fabric. However, such flame retardants are not resistant to washing, and are not suitable for outdoor applications such as tents and fabrics that must be frequently washed.

（2）锑钛络合物：将氯化钛与氧化锑的混合液浸轧织物，烘至半干，用氨气处理后可与纤维素反应，生成纤维素锑钛络合物，同时水解生成的氢氧化钛与氢氧化锑沉积在纤维上。纤维受强热燃烧时，有脱水作用，降低了纤维热分解时产生的可燃性气体及焦油物质，因而具有优良及较耐久的阻燃效果，同时还有防霉功能，但整理后织物的手感较差，强力下降较多。

(2) antimony titanium complex: dipping the mixture of titanium chloride and antimony oxide into the fabric and drying it to half dry, and then reacting with the cellulose by ammonia treatment to produce the cellulose antimony titanium complex, and the hydrolyzed titanium hydroxide and antimony hydroxide are deposited on the fiber. When the fiber is strongly heated, it is dehydrated and reduces the flammable gas and tar substance produced by the thermal decomposition of the fiber, thus it has excellent and durable flame retardancy and mildew proof function, but the feeling of the fabric after finishing is poor and the strength drops more.

02有机阻燃剂

02 organic flame retardant

（1）普鲁本阻燃剂：是一种稳定的四羟甲基氯化膦-尿素化合物，即THPC-尿素初缩体。阻燃性能良好，耐洗性好，并能较好地保持织物原有特性，强力降低少。在国外应用广泛，我国于80年代引进了这种阻燃剂及整理技术。其主要工艺流程如下：

(1) pro burn retardant: it is a stable four hydroxymethyl phosphine urea compound, that is, THPC- urea initial body. Good flame retardancy, good washability, good retention of original properties and less strength. Widely used in foreign countries, China introduced this flame retardant and finishing technology in 80s. The main process flow is as follows:

织物浸轧工作液→烘干→氨熏→氧化→碱洗→皂洗→水洗→烘干。

Fabric dipping work fluid, drying, ammonia fumigation, oxidation, alkali washing, soap washing, water washing, drying.

(2) 派罗伐特克斯CP（Pyrovatex CP）：是一种含有机磷与氮化合物的阻燃剂，我国也生产类似产品。此法工艺较简单，可用通常的轧→烘→焙法，在一般设备上即可生产。产品耐洗，手感好，阻燃性能也好，但织物强力降低较多。

(2) CP (Pyrovatex CP) is a flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, and similar products are produced in China. The process is simple and can be produced on general equipment by conventional rolling, baking and baking. The products are washable, feel good and flame retardant, but the fabric strength is reduced more.

(3) 十溴联苯醚和三氧化二锑协合阻燃剂：主要用于涤纶或涤棉混纺织物，藉粘合剂将其固着在织物上，这种阻燃剂无毒无污染，阻燃效果好，也较耐洗。涤棉混纺织物由于棉纤维的支架作用，协合阻燃剂用量必须在30%以上时才有阻燃效果。

(3) ten brominated diphenyl ethers and three oxidation two antimony synergistic flame retardant: mainly used in polyester or polyester cotton blended fabric. It is bonded to the fabric by adhesive. This kind of flame retardant is non-toxic, pollution-free, good flame retardancy and washable. Polyester cotton blended fabric has flame retardant effect when the amount of synergistic flame retardants must be above 30% because of the support function of cotton fiber.

目前国内外阻燃品种较多，大都是卤素、磷、氮的化合物。阻燃剂所起作用因品种不同而异，或起隔离织物与空气接触，如硼砂、硼酸混合物；或阻燃剂本身受热分解放出难燃或不燃气体冲淡可燃气；或改变纤维热分解物的成分；或生成高熔点灰烬，起到阻燃烧蔓延的作用。

At present, many domestic and foreign flame-retardant varieties are mostly halogen, phosphorus and nitrogen compounds. The effect of the flame retardant varies depending on the variety, or the contact between the isolated fabric and the air, such as borax and boric acid mixture, or the flame retardants themselves being heated and released from the heat decomposed or unflammable gas to dilute the gas; or to change the composition of the thermal decomposition of the fiber or to produce the high melting point ash, which can prevent the burning and spreading.

纤维素纤维属于易燃纤维，受强热时分解出可燃性气体C0、CH4、C2H6及焦油与固体炭，引起有焰燃烧及阴燃，致使燃烧迅速蔓延。但纤维素纤维没有熔融性，经阻燃剂整理后阻燃效果较好。

Cellulose fiber is a flammable fiber, which decomposes flammable gases C0, CH4, C2H6, tar and solid carbon when they are strongly heated. It causes flame burning and smoldering, which causes the burning to spread rapidly. However, the cellulose fiber has no melting property, and the flame retardant effect is better after finishing with flame retardant.