反应型相容剂
Reactive compatibilizer
反应型相容剂是一种同非极性高分子主链Pc及活性基团（如羟基、环氧基组成，多为无规的）组成的聚合物。由于它的非极性高分子主体能与共混物中的非极性聚合物相容，而极性基团又能与共混物的极性聚合物的活性基团反应或键合，故能起到很好的相容作用。其作用示意图 [1]  如下：
Reactive compatibilizer is a kind of polymer which is composed of non-polar polymer main chain Pc and www.jiazanmiaomu.com www.dzyangguang.com.cn www.yjlvhua.com www.xindejinwei.com www.bdylyx.com www.bdxm.com.cnactive groups (such as hydroxyl and epoxy groups, mostly random). Because its non-polar polymer can be compatible with the non-polar polymer in the blend, and the polar group can react or bond with the active group of the polar polymer in the blend, it can play a very good compatibility. The schematic diagram of [1] is as follows:
一般是大分子型的，其活性官能团可以在分子的末端，也可以在分子的侧链上，其大分子主链可以和共混体系中的至少一种高分子基体相同，也可以不同，但在不同的情况下，其大分子主链应和共混体系中的至少一种高分子基体有较好的相容性。
The main chain of the macromolecule can be the same as or different from at least one polymer matrix in the blend system, but in different cases, the main chain of the macromolecule should be the same as at least one polymer matrix in the blend system. The body has good compatibility.
（1）环状酸酐型（MAH）。环状酸酐型类反应型相容剂是目前最常用的一类反应型相容剂。其中，以马来酸酐接枝到聚烯烃上的马来酸酐相容剂为主，其接枝率一般为0.8%-1.0%，主要应用于聚烯烃塑料的改性。将马来酸酐接枝到PS或以PS为基体的二元或多元共聚反应型相容剂，可应用于PA/PC、ABS/GF、PA/ABS的改性、共混或合金。一般用量5%-8%。
(1) cyclic anhydride type (MAH). Cyclic anhydride type reactive compatibilizer is the most commonly used reactive compatibilizer at present. Among them, maleic anhydride grafted on polyolefin is the main compatibilizer, the grafting rate is generally 0.8% - 1.0%, mainly used in the modification of polyolefin plastics. Binary or multicomponent copolymerization compatibilizers, which graft maleic anhydride onto PS or PS as matrix, can be used to modify, blend or alloy PA/PC, ABS/GF, PA/ABS. The general dosage is 5%-8%.
但此类相容剂可能会降低塑料合金的热变形温度，易使共混组分产生一结不需要的交联和降解，使反应不再能被控制。主要应用于PP/PA6、PP/PA66等合金或共混。一般用量为5%-8%。
However, this kind of compatibilizer may reduce the hot deformation temperature of plastic alloy, and easily lead to unnecessary crosslinking and degradation of the blend components, so that the reaction can no longer be controlled. It is mainly used in alloys such as PP/PA6 and PP/PA66. The general dosage is 5%-8%.
（2）羧酸型。羧酸类中的代表产品为丙烯酸型相容剂。通常是将丙烯酸接枝到聚烯烃树脂上，用途大体与马来酸酐型相同。
(2) carboxylic acid. The products represented by carboxylic acids are acrylic compatibilizer. Acrylic acid is usually grafted onto polyolefin resin, which is generally the same as maleic anhydride.
（3）环氧型。环氧型反应型相容剂是环氧树脂或具有环氧基的化合物与其他聚合物接枝共聚而成。这类反应型相容剂能起到良好的相容作用。
(3) epoxy type. Epoxy reactive compatibilizers are prepared by graft copolymerization of epoxy resin or compounds with epoxy group with other polymers. These reactive compatibilizer can play a good role in compatibility.
（4）噁唑啉型。用恶唑啉接枝的PS,即RPS,是一种比较重要的相容剂,接枝率为1%,特点是应用领域较广,不仅能与一般的含氨基或羧基的聚合物反应,还可与含羰基、酸酐、环氧基团反应，生成接枝共聚物。因此，它可以用于PS及多种工程塑料或经改性的聚烯烃树脂。此外，它还可以“就地”相容化，直接用于塑料改性、共混和合金。
(4) oxazoline type. PS grafted with oxazoline, or RPS, is an important compatibilizer with 1% grafting rate. It can not only react with general polymers containing amino or carboxyl groups, but also with carbonyl, anhydride and epoxy groups to form graft copolymers. Therefore, it can be used in PS and various engineering plastics or modified polyolefin resins. In addition, it can also be "locally" compatibilization, directly used in plastic modification, blending and alloys.