添加剂种类的选择是根据塑料的品种和老化程度等来确定。
The selection of additive types is determined based on the variety and aging degree of plastics.
聚烯烃新料在加工成型时一般只添加少量助剂，如抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂等，其废料再生时，一般只需加入少量着色剂即可，因此配方不难确定。除非这类塑料严重老化，变硬发脆，则需要根据具体情况确定配料的组成。
When processing new polyolefin materials, only a small amount of additives, such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, are generally added. When regenerating their waste, only a small amount of colorants need to be added, so the formula is not difficult to determine. Unless such plastics are severely aged, hardened or brittle, the composition of the ingredients needs to be determined based on the specific situation.
聚氯乙烯塑料的组成比较复杂，尤其是软质聚氯乙烯，所含添加剂的种类较多，有增塑剂、稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂和颜料等，其中以增塑剂为主，用量最多。其制品在使用过程中受到光、热等气候条件的影响，增塑剂逐渐渗出，制品硬化，尤其是其物理性能大大下降，逐渐老化，不能满足使用要求而成为废品。利用这类废旧制品进行再生时必须补充足够数量的增塑剂及其他助剂，最大限度地恢复其机械性能，因此，合理确定配方十分重要。
The composition of polyvinyl chloride plastics is relatively complex, especially soft polyvinyl chloride, which contains a variety of additives, including plasticizers, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants, and pigments. Among them, plasticizers are the main type with the highest dosage. During the use process, its products are affected by weather conditions such as light and heat, and plasticizers gradually seep out, causing the products to harden. Especially, their physical properties greatly decrease, gradually aging, and becoming waste products that cannot meet the usage requirements. When using such waste products for regeneration, it is necessary to supplement sufficient amounts of plasticizers and other additives to maximize the recovery of their mechanical properties. Therefore, it is important to determine the formula reasonably.
增塑剂的加入量主要由再生聚氯乙烯制品要求的硬度而定，为此应考虑回收的聚氯乙烯废制品中硬质与软质的比例。聚氯乙烯薄膜、人造革和壁纸等软质制品与硬质的管材、异型材等的制品中增塑剂的残留量很不相同，因此，只要将硬质和软质回收料相互掺用，调节二者的掺混比例，即可制得要求硬度的再生制品，可减少增塑剂的用量，甚至不使用增塑剂。
The amount of plasticizer added is mainly determined by the required hardness of recycled PVC products, and therefore, the ratio of hard to soft materials in the recycled PVC waste products should be considered. The residual amount of plasticizers in soft products such as polyvinyl chloride film, artificial leather, and wallpaper is very different from that in hard pipes, profiles, and other products. Therefore, as long as the hard and soft recycled materials are mixed with each other, and the mixing ratio of the two is adjusted, the required hardness of recycled products can be produced, which can reduce the amount of plasticizers or even do not use plasticizers.
在配料时选用助剂的总原则是既保证再生制品具有一定的性能，符合使用要求，又不致于成本过高。一般说来，需要考虑如下几点：
The general principle of selecting additives when adding ingredients is to ensure that the recycled products have certain performance, meet usage requirements, and do not cause excessive costs. Generally speaking, the following points need to be considered:
(1)由于废旧塑料和再生制品的价格较低，因此所采用的添加剂的价格也要便宜。
(1) Due to the lower prices of waste plastics and recycled products, the prices of additives used are also cheaper.
(2)正因为废旧塑料往往地变电阻柜 精密铸造 中频电炉设备 保定断桥铝门窗 保定养老院 镜子批发 启闭机是各种颜色废料的混合物，在再生加工时一般添加深色着色剂，故对所选用助剂的外观色泽要求不高。
(2) Because waste plastic is often a mixture of various colored waste materials, dark colorants are usually added during recycling processing, so the requirements for the appearance and color of the selected additives are not high.
(3)添加剂应能满足再生制品的一定性能要求
(3) Additives should meet certain performance requirements for recycled products